Requirements Related to the Universe and Our Galaxy
Correct local abundance and distribution of dark matter
Correct relative abundances of different exotic mass particles
Correct decay rates of different exotic mass particles
Correct density of quasars
Correct density of giant galaxies in the early universe
Correct galaxy cluster size
Correct galaxy cluster density
Correct galaxy cluster location
Correct galaxy size
Correct galaxy type
Correct galaxy mass distribution
Correct size of galactic central bulge
Correct galaxy location
Correct variability of local dwarf galaxy absorption rate
Correct quantity of galactic dust
Correct giant star density in galaxy
Correct frequency of gamma ray bursts in galaxy
Correct star location relative to galactic center
Correct star distance from co-rotation circle of galaxy
Correct ratio of inner dark halo mass to stellar mass for galaxy
Correct star distance from closest spiral arm
Correct z-axis extremes of star’s orbit
Correct proximity of solar nebula to a normal type I supernova eruption
Correct timing of solar nebula formation relative to a normal type I supernova eruption
Correct proximity of solar nebula to a type II supernova eruption
Correct timing of solar nebula formation relative to type II supernova eruption
Correct timing of hypernovae eruptions
Correct number of hypernovae eruptions
Correct masses of stars that become hypernovae
Correct flux of cosmic ray protons
Correct variability of cosmic ray proton flux
Correct gas dispersal rate by companion stars, shock waves, and molecular cloud expansion in the Sun’s birthing star cluster
Correct number of stars in birthing cluster
Correct density of brown dwarfs
Correct number of giant galaxies in galaxy cluster
Correct number of large galaxies in galaxy cluster
Correct number of dwarf galaxies in galaxy cluster
Correct distance of galaxy’s corotation circle from center of galaxy
Correct rate of diffusion of heavy elements from galactic center out to the galaxy’s corotation circle
Correct outward migration of star relative to galactic center
Correct degree to which exotic matter self interacts
Correct average quantity of gas infused into the universe’s first star clusters
Correct level of supersonic turbulence in the infant universe
Correct number and sizes of intergalactic hydrogen gas clouds in galaxy’s vicinity
Correct average longevity of intergalactic hydrogen gas clouds in galaxy’s vicinity
Correct avoidance of apsidal phase locking in the orbits of planets in the planetary system
Correct number density of the first metal-free stars to form in the universe
Correct epoch during which the first metal-free stars form in cosmic history
Correct average circumstellar medium density for white dwarf red giant pairs
Correct number densities of metal-poor and extremely metal-poor galaxies
Correct rate of growth of central spheroid for the galaxy
Correct amount of gas infalling into the central core of the galaxy
Correct level of cooling of gas infalling into the central core of the galaxy
Correct heavy element abundance in the intracluster medium for the early universe
Correct rate of infall of intergalactic gas into emerging and growing galaxies during first five billion years of cosmic history
Correct pressure of the intra-galaxy-cluster medium
Correct proximity of solar nebula to a type I supernova whose core underwent significant gravitational collapse before carbon deflagration
Correct timing of solar nebula formation relative to a type I supernova whose core underwent significant gravitational collapse before carbon deflagrataion
Correct sizes of largest cosmic structures in the universe
Correct level of spiral substructure in spiral galaxy
Correct supernova eruption rate when galaxy is young
Correct zrange of rotation rates for stars are on the verge of becoming supernovae
Correct quantity of dust formed in the ejecta of Population III supernovae
Correct chemical composition of dust ejected by Population III stars
Correct time in cosmic history when the merging of galaxies peaks
Correct density of extragalactic intruder stars in solar neighborhood
Correct density of dust-exporting stars in solar neighborhood
Correct average rate of increase in galaxy sizes
Correct change in average rate of increase in galaxy sizes throughout cosmic history
Correct proximity of solar nebula to asymptotic giant branch stars
Correct timing of solar nebula formation relative to its close approach to asymptotic giant branch stars Correct quantity and proximity of gamma-ray burst events relative to emerging solar nebula
Correct proximity of superbubbles to planetary system during life epoch of life-support planet
Correct proximity of strong ultraviolet emitting stars to planetary system during life epoch of life-support planet
Correct quantity and proximity of galactic gamma-ray burst events relative to time window for intelligent life
Correct timing of star formation peak for the universe
Correct timing of star formation peak for the galaxy
Correct mass of the galaxy’s central black hole
Correct timing of the growth of the galaxy’s central black hole
Correct rate of in-spiraling gas into galaxy’s central black hole during life epoch
Correct distance from nearest giant galaxy
Correct distance from nearest Seyfert galaxy
Correct amount of mass loss by star in its youth
Correct rate of mass loss of star in its youth
Correct rate of mass loss by star during its middle age
Correct quantity of magnetars (proto-neutron stars with very strong magnetic fields) produced during galaxy’s history
Correct variation in coverage of star’s surface by faculae
Correct ratio of galaxy’s dark halo mass to its baryonic mass
Correct ratio of galaxy’s dark halo mass to its dark halo core mass
Correct galaxy cluster formation rate
Correct proximity of supernovae and hypernovae throughout history of planet and planetary system
Correct tidal heating from neighboring galaxies
Correct tidal heating from dark galactic and galaxy cluster halos
Correct intensity and duration of galactic winds
Correct density of dwarf galaxies in vicinity of home galaxy
Correct amount of photoevaporation during planetary formation from parent star and other nearby stars
Requirements Related to the Solar System
Correct number and mass of planets in system suffering significant drift
Correct orbital inclinations of companion planets in system
Correct variation of orbital inclinations of companion planets
Correct inclinations and eccentricities of nearby terrestrial planets
Correct in-spiral rate of stars into black holes within parent galaxy
Correct strength of magnetocentrifugally launched wind of parent star during its protostar era
Correct degree to which the atmospheric composition of the planet departs from thermodynamic equilibrium
Correct delivery rate of volatiles to planet from asteroid-comet belts during epoch of planet formation
Correct amount of outward migration of Neptune
Correct amount of outward migration of Ur****
Correct star formation rate in parent star vicinity during history of that star
Correct variation in star formation rate in parent star vicinity during history of that star
Correct birth date of the star-planetary system
Correct number of stars in system
Correct number and timing of close encounters by nearby stars
Correct proximity of close stellar encounters
Correct masses of close stellar encounters
Correct distance from nearest black hole
Correct absorption rate of planets and planetismals by parent star
Correct star age
Correct star metallicity
Correct ratio of 40K, 235,238U, 232Th to iron in star-planetary system
Correct star orbital eccentricity
Correct star mass
Correct star luminosity change relative to speciation types & rates
Correct star color
Correct star rotation rate
Correct rate of change in star rotation rate
Correct star magnetic field
Correct star magnetic field variability
Correct stellar wind strength and variability
Correct short period variation in parent star diameter
Correct star’s carbon to oxygen ratio
Correct star’s space velocity relative to Local Standard of Rest
Correct star’s short term luminosity variability
Correct star’s long term luminosity variability
Correct amplitude and duration of star spot cycle
Correct number & timing of solar system encounters with interstellar gas clouds and cloudlets
Correct galactic tidal forces on planetary system
Correct H3+ production
Correct supernovae rates & locations
Correct white dwarf binary types, rates, & locations
Correct structure of comet cloud surrounding planetary system
Correct polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon abundance in solar nebula
Correct mass of Neptune
Correct total mass of Kuiper Belt asteroids
Correct mass distribution of Kuiper Belt asteroids
Correct injection efficiency of shock wave material from nearby supernovae into collapsing molecular cloud that forms star and planetary system
Correct number and sizes of planets and planetesimals consumed by star
Correct variations in star’s diameter
Correct level of spot production on star’s surface
Correct variability of spot production on star’s surface
Correct mass of outer gas giant planet relative to inner gas giant planet
Correct Kozai oscillation level in planetary system
Correct reduction of Kuiper Belt mass during planetary system’s early history
Correct efficiency of stellar mass loss during final stages of stellar burning
Correct number, mass, and distance from star of gas giant planets in addition to planets of the mass and distance of Jupiter and Saturn
Requirements Related to Planet Earth
Correct planetary distance from star
Correct inclination of planetary orbit
Correct axis tilt of planet
Correct rate of change of axial tilt
Correct period and size of axis tilt variation
Correct planetary rotation period
Correct rate of change in planetary rotation period
Correct planetary revolution period
Correct planetary orbit eccentricity
Correct rate of change of planetary orbital eccentricity
Correct rate of change of planetary inclination
Correct period and size of eccentricity variation
Correct period and size of inclination variation
Correct precession in planet’s rotation
Correct rate of change in planet’s precession
Correct number of moons
Correct mass and distance of moon
Correct surface gravity (escape velocity)
Correct tidal force from sun and moon
Correct magnetic field
Correct rate of change & character of change in magnetic field
Correct albedo (planet reflectivity)
Correct density density of interstellar and interplanetary dust particles in vicinity of life-support planet
Correct reducing strength of planet’s primordial mantle
Correct thickness of crust
Correct timing of birth of continent formation
Correct oceans-to-continents ratio
Correct rate of change in oceans to continents ratio
Correct global distribution of continents
Correct frequency, timing, & extent of ice ages
Correct frequency, timing, & extent of global snowball events
Correct silicate dust annealing by nebular shocks
Correct asteroidal & cometary collision rate
Correct change in asteroidal & cometary collision rates
Correct rate of change in asteroidal & cometary collision rates
Correct mass of body colliding with primordial Earth
Correct timing of body colliding with primordial Earth
Correct location of body’s collision with primordial Earth
Correct position & mass of Jupiter relative to Earth
Correct major planet eccentricities
Correct major planet orbital instabilities
Correct drift and rate of drift in major planet distances
Correct number & distribution of planets
Correct distance of gas giant planets from mean motion resonances
Correct orbital separation distances among inner planets
Correct oxygen quantity in the atmosphere
Correct nitrogen quantity in the atmosphere
Correct carbon monoxide quantity in the atmosphere
Correct chlorine quantity in the atmosphere
Correct aerosol particle density emitted from the forests
Correct cobalt quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct arsenic quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct copper quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct boron quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct cadmium quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct calcium quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct flourine quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct iodine quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct magnesium quantity in the earth’s crust
Correct nickel quantity in crust
Correct phosphorus quantity in crust
Correct potassium quantity in crust
Correct tin quantity in crust
Correct zinc quantity in crust
Correct molybdenum quantity in crust
Correct vanadium quantity in crust
Correct chromium quantity in crust
Correct selenium quantity in crust
Correct iron quantity in oceans
Correct tropospheric ozone quantity
Correct stratospheric ozone quantity
Correct mesospheric ozone quantity
Correct water vapor level in atmosphere
Correct oxygen to nitrogen ratio in atmosphere
Correct quantity of greenhouse gases in atmosphere
Correct quantity of greenhouse gases in atmosphere
Correct rate of change in greenhouse gases in atmosphere
Correct poleward heat transport in atmosphere by mid-latitude storms
Correct quantity of forest & grass fires
Correct quantity of sea salt aerosols in troposphere
Correct soil mineralization
Correct quantity of anaeorbic bacteria in the oceans
Correct quantity of aerobic bacteria in the oceans
Correct quantity of anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the early oceans
Correct quantity, variety, and timing of sulfate-reducing bacteria
Correct quantity of geobacteraceae
Correct quantity of aerobic photoheterotrophic bacteria
Correct quantity of decomposer bacteria in soil
Correct quantity of mycorrhizal fungi in soil
Correct quantity of nitrifying microbes in soil
Correct quantity & timing of vascular plant introductions
Correct quantity, timing, & placement of carbonate-producing animals
Correct quantity, timing, & placement of methanogens
Correct phosphorus and iron absorption by banded iron formations
Correct quantity of soil sulfur
Correct ratio of electrically conducting inner core radius to radius of the adjacent turbulent fluid shell
Correct ratio of core to shell (see above) magnetic diffusivity
Correct magnetic Reynold’s number of the shell (see above)
Correct elasticity of iron in the inner core
Correct electromagnetic Maxwell shear stresses in the inner core
Correct core precession frequency for planet
Correct rate of interior heat loss for planet
Correct quantity of sulfur in the planet’s core
Correct quantity of silicon in the planet’s core
Correct quantity of water at subduction zones in the crust
Correct quantity of high pressure ice in subducting crustal slabs
Correct hydration rate of subducted minerals
Correct water absorption capacity of planet’s lower mantle
Correct tectonic activity
Correct rate of decline in tectonic activity
Correct volcanic activity
Correct rate of decline in volcanic activity
Correct location of volcanic eruptions
Correct continental relief
Correct viscosity at Earth core boundaries
Correct viscosity of lithosphere
Correct thickness of mid-mantle boundary
Correct rate of sedimentary loading at crustal subduction zones
Correct biomass to comet infall ratio
Correct regularity of cometary infall
Correct number, intensity, and location of hurricanes
Correct intensity of primordial cosmic superwinds
Correct number of smoking quasars
Correct formation of large terrestrial planet in the presence of two or more gas giant planets
Correct orbital stability of large terrestrial planet in the presence of two or more gas giant planets
Correct total mass of Oort Cloud objects
Correct mass distribution of Oort Cloud objects
Correct air turbulence in troposphere
Correct quantity of sulfate aerosols in troposphere
Correct quantity of actinide bioreducing bacteria
Correct quantity of phytoplankton
Correct hydrothermal alteration of ancient oceanic basalts
Correct quantity of iodocarbon-emitting marine organisms
Correct location of dislocation creep relative to diffusion creep in and near the crust-mantle boundary (determines mantle convection dynamics)
Correct size of oxygen sinks in the planet’s crust
Correct size of oxygen sinks in the planet’s mantle
Correct mantle plume production
Correct average rainfall precipitation
Correct variation and timing of average rainfall precipitation
Correct atmospheric transparency
Correct atmospheric pressure
Correct atmospheric viscosity
Correct atmospheric electric discharge rate
Correct atmospheric temperature gradient
Correct carbon dioxide level in atmosphere
Correct rates of change in carbon dioxide levels in atmosphere throughout the planet’s history
Correct rates of change in water vapor levels in atmosphere throughout the planet’s history
Correct rate of change in methane level in early atmosphere
Correct Q-value (rigidity) of planet during its early history
Correct variation in Q-value of planet during its early history
Correct migration of planet during its formation in the protoplanetary disk
Correct viscosity gradient in protoplanetary disk
Correct frequency of late impacts by large asteroids and comets
Correct size of the carbon sink in the deep mantle of the planet
Correct ratio of dual water molecules, (H2O)2, to single water molecules, H 2O, in the troposphere
Correct quantity of volatiles on and in Earth-sized planet in the habitable zone
Correct triggering of El Nino events by explosive volcanic eruptions
Correct time window between the peak of kerogen production and the appearance of intelligent life
Correct time window between the production of cisterns in the planet’s crust that can effectively collect and store petroleum and natural gas and the appearance of intelligent life
Correct efficiency of flows of silicate melt, hypersaline hydrothermal fluids, and hydrothermal vapors in the upper crust
Correct efficiency of ocean pumps that return nutrients to ocean surfaces
Correct sulfur and sulfate content of oceans
Correct orientation of continents relative to prevailing winds
Correct infall of buckminsterfullerenes from interplanetary and interstellar space upon surface of planet
Correct quantity of silicic acid in the oceans
Correct heat flow through the planet’s mantle from radiometric decay in planet’s core
Correct water absorption by planet’s mantle
